Publications
2025
1. Modelling severe COVID-19 in TLR3-mutated hiPSCs-derived lung organoids. Latini A, Spitalieri P, Centofanti F, … Novelli G. Cell Death Discov. 2025 Dec 26. doi: 10.1038/s41420-025-02936-5. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 41453867.
2. Deleterious variants in the autophagy-related gene RB1CC1/FIP200 impair immunity to SARS-CoV-2. Hu L, van der Sluis RM, Castelino KB, …Casanova JL …Mogensen TH. Nat Commun. 2025 Nov 27;16(1):10618. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-65308-8. PMID: 41309545.
3. Host cell entry and neutralisation sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 BA.3.2. Zhang L, Kempf A, Nehlmeier I, … Pöhlmann S, Hoffmann M. Lancet Microbe. 2025 Nov;6(11):101165. doi: 10.1016/j.lanmic.2025.101165. Epub 2025 Jun 3. PMID: 40480242.
4. Incontinentia pigmenti underlies thymic dysplasia, autoantibodies to type I IFNs, and viral diseases. Rosain J, Le Voyer T, Liu X, … Bastard P, … Casanova JL. J Exp Med. 2024 Nov 4;221(11):e20231152. doi: 10.1084/jem.20231152. Epub 2024 Oct 1. PMID: 39352576.
5. Genetically heterozygous - transcriptionally homozygous IRF7 deficiency underlies herpesvirus CNS infections in humans. Werner M, Wolff JH, Taft J, … van der Sluis RM, Mogensen TH. J Exp Med. 2026 Jan 5;223(1):e20250492. doi: 10.1084/jem.20250492. Epub 2025 Oct 29. PMID: 41159916.
6. Enhanced TLR7-dependent production of type I interferon by pDCs underlies pandemic chilblains. Saidoune F, … Fellay J, Casanova JL, … Yatim A. J Exp Med. 2025 Jul 7;222(7):e20231467. doi: 10.1084/jem.20231467. Epub 2025 Apr 14. PMID: 40227192.
7. Entry Efficiency, Protease Dependence, and Antibody-Mediated Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Sublineages KP.3.1.1 and XEC. Arora P, Kempf A, Nehlmeier I, … Pöhlmann S. Vaccines (Basel). 2025 Apr 3;13(4):385. doi: 10.3390/vaccines13040385. PMID: 40333265.
8. Rapid Detection of Anti-IFN-α2 Autoantibodies Using a New Automated VIDAS Assay Prototype. Pons S, Generenaz L, Gervais A, ... Bastard P, ... Casanova JL, Fleurie A, Trouillet-Assant S. Eur J Immunol. 2025 Apr;55(4):e202451516. doi: 10.1002/eji.202451516. PMID: 40223598.
9. Genetic Landscape and Mitochondrial Metabolic Dysregulation in Patients Suffering From Severe Long COVID. Hansen KS, Jørgensen SE, Cömert C, ... Mogensen TH. J Med Virol. 2025 Mar;97(3):e70275. doi: 10.1002/jmv.70275. PMID: 40025839.
10. The monogenic landscape of human infectious diseases. Boisson-Dupuis S, Bastard P, Béziat V, … Zhang SY, Boisson B. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2025 Mar;155(3):768-783. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.12.1078. Epub 2024 Dec 24. PMID: 39724971.
11. Host cell lectins ASGR1 and DC-SIGN jointly with TMEM106B confer ACE2 independence and imdevimab resistance to SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus with spike mutation E484D. Arora P, Zhang L, Nehlmeier I, ... Pöhlmann S. J Virol. 2025 Feb 25;99(2):e0123024. doi: 10.1128/jvi.01230-24. PMID: 39791910.
12. Severe West Nile Virus and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infections in a Patient With Thymoma and Anti-Type I Interferon Antibodies. Barzaghi F, Visconti C, Pipitone GB, ... Bastard P, ... Casanova JL, ... Casari G, Aiuti A. J Infect Dis. 2025 Feb 4;231(1):e206-e212. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiae321. PMID: 38976510.
13. Mutations disrupting the kinase domain of IKKα lead to immunodeficiency and immune dysregulation in humans. Riller Q, Sorin B, Courteille C, … Meyts I, … Rieux-Laucat F. J Exp Med. 2025 Feb 3;222(2):e20240843. doi: 10.1084/jem.20240843. Epub 2025 Jan 15. PMID: 39812688.
14. A common form of dominant human IFNAR1 deficiency impairs IFN-α and -ω but not IFN-β-dependent immunit. Al Qureshah F, Le Pen J, ... Abel L, Bastard P, ... Zhang SY, ... Casanova JL, Zhang Q. J Exp Med. 2025 Feb 3;222(2):e20241413. doi: 10.1084/jem.20241413. PMID: 39680367.
15. Host cell entry and neutralisation sensitivity of the emerging SARS-CoV-2 variant LP.8.1. Zhang L, Kempf A, Nehlmeier I, ... Pöhlmann S. Lancet Infect Dis. 2025 Feb 25. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00113-6.
16. Genetic diversity of the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus in cohorts of patients affected with SARS-CoV-2. Malaspina P, Jodice C, Ciminelli BM, ... Novelli G, Novelletto A. Hum Genomics. 2025 Jan 30;19(1):7. doi: 10.1186/s40246-025-00719-8. PMID: 39885568.
Publications
2024
Heterozygous BTNL8 variants in individuals with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Bellos E, Santillo D, Vantourout P, … Pérez de Diego R, … Abel L, Zhang SY, Casanova JL, … Sancho-Shimizu V. J Exp Med. 2024 Dec 2;221(12):e20240699. doi: 10.1084/jem.20240699. Epub 2024 Nov 22. PMID: 39576310.
Auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs in patients with severe Powassan, Usutu, or Ross River virus disease. Gervais A, Bastard P, Bizien L, … Abel L, … Zhang SY, Casanova JL. J Exp Med. 2024 Dec 2;221(12):e20240942. doi: 10.1084/jem.20240942. Epub 2024 Nov 1. PMID: 39485284.
Immune response in vaccinated healthcare workers with frequent COVID-19 infections is characterised by blunted IFNγ and IL-2 responses to SARS-CoV-2 variants. Townsend L, Dunne J, Sui J, … Reid C, … O'Farrelly C, … Conlon N. Clin Immunol. 2024 Nov;268:110371. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.110371. Epub 2024 Sep 27. PMID: 39343286.
The Microbe, the Infection Enigma, and the Host. Casanova JL, Abel L. Annu Rev Microbiol. 2024 Nov;78(1):103-124. doi: 10.1146/annurev-micro-092123-022855. Epub 2024 Nov 7. PMID: 38986133.
IL-7-dependent and -independent lineages of IL-7R-dependent human T cells. Arango-Franco CA, Ogishi M, Unger S, … Casanova JL, Puel A. J Clin Invest. 2024 Oct 1;134(19):e180251. doi: 10.1172/JCI180251. PMID: 39352394.
Health Care Personnel Workdays Lost and Direct Health Care Salary Costs Incurred due to COVID-19 Infection in the Age of Widespread Vaccine Availability. Townsend L, Gillespie P, McGrath J, … Fleming C. J Infect Dis. 2024 Oct 16;230(4):e872-e880. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiae223. PMID: 38771075.
Inherited human RelB deficiency impairs innate and adaptive immunity to infection. Le Voyer T, Maglorius Renkilaraj MRL, Moriya K, … Abel L, … Casanova JL, … Puel A. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2024 Sep 10;121(37):e2321794121. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2321794121. Epub 2024 Sep 4. PMID: 39231201.
SARS-CoV-2 brainstem encephalitis in human inherited DBR1 deficiency. Chan YH, Lundberg V, Le Pen J, … Abel L, Mogensen TH, … Casanova JL, … Zhang SY. J Exp Med. 2024 Sep 2;221(9):e20231725. doi: 10.1084/jem.20231725. Epub 2024 Jul 18. PMID: 39023559.
Lack of association between classical HLA genes and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. Marchal A, Cirulli ET, Neveux I, … Spaan AN, … Zhang SY, … Fellay J, … Sancho-Shimizu V, Abel L, Casanova JL, … Bolze A. HGG Adv. 2024 Jul 18;5(3):100300. doi: 10.1016/j.xhgg.2024.100300. Epub 2024 Apr 26. PMID: 38678364.
Human determinants of age-dependent patterns of death from infection. Abel L, Casanova JL. Immunity. 2024 Jul 9;57(7):1457-1465. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.05.020. PMID: 38986441.
Human life within a narrow range: The lethal ups and downs of type I interferons. Crow YJ, Casanova JL. Sci Immunol. 2024 Jul 5;9(97):eadm8185. doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adm8185. Epub 2024 Jul 5. PMID: 38968338.
A Dynamic and Effective Peptide-Based Strategy for Promptly Addressing Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern. Murdocca M, Romeo I, Citro G, ... Novelli G. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2024 Jul 4;17(7):891. doi: 10.3390/ph17070891. PMID: 39065742.
Impact of socioeconomic status on healthy immune responses in humans. Bertrand A, Sugrue J, Lou T, … Quintana-Murci L, … O'Farrelly C, … Milieu Intérieur Consortium. Immunol Cell Biol. 2024 Aug;102(7):618-629. doi: 10.1111/imcb.12789. Epub 2024 Jun 11. PMID: 38862267.
Environmental variation and genetic diversity contribute to population differences in immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 risk. Rotival M, Quintana-Murci L. Genes Immun. 2024 Aug;25(4):338-340. doi: 10.1038/s41435-023-00249-0. Epub 2023 Dec 23. PMID: 38142268.
Variation of the 3'RR1 HS1.2 Enhancer and Its Genomic Context. Jodice C, Malaspina P, Ciminelli BM, … Novelli G, Novelletto A. Genes (Basel). 2024 Jun 29;15(7):856. doi: 10.3390/genes15070856. PMID: 39062635.
The ouroboros of autoimmunity. Casanova JL, Peel J, Donadieu J, … Bastard P. Nat Immunol. 2024 May;25(5):743-754. doi: 10.1038/s41590-024-01815-y. Epub 2024 May 2. PMID: 38698239.
Human autoantibodies neutralizing type I IFNs: From 1981 to 2023. Bastard P, Gervais A, Le Voyer T, … Abel L, Zhang SY, … Casanova JL. Immunol Rev. 2024 Mar;322(1):98-112. doi: 10.1111/imr.13304. Epub 2024 Jan 9. PMID: 38193358.
The immunopathological landscape of human pre-TCRα deficiency: From rare to common variants. Materna M, Delmonte OM, Bosticardo M, … Bastard P, … Meyts I, … Abel L, … Casanova JL, Béziat V. Science. 2024 Mar;383(6686):eadh4059. doi: 10.1126/science.adh4059. Epub 2024 Mar 1. PMID: 38422122.
Smoking changes adaptive immunity with persistent effects. Saint-André V, Charbit B, Biton A, … Quintana-Murci L, … Milieu Intérieur Consortium. Nature. 2024 Feb;626(8000):827-835. doi: 10.1038/s41586-023-06968-8. Epub 2024 Feb 14. PMID: 38355791.
The “Black Swan Principle” and the Genetics of Complex Diseases. Novelli G, Reichardt JKV. Top Italian Scientists Journal; 2024;1(1).https://doi.org/10.62684/YEWJ9912.
Humoral immunity after mRNA SARS-CoV-2 omicron JN.1 vaccination. Happle C, Hoffmann M, Kempf A, ... Pöhlmann S, ... Dopfer-Jablonka A. Lancet Infect Dis. 2024 Nov;24(11):e674-e676. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00603-0. Epub 2024 Sep 25. PMID: 39341219.
Characterization of the symmetrical benzimidazole twin drug TL1228: the role as viral entry inhibitor for fighting COVID-19. Murdocca M, Andrade Santos-Filho O, ... Novelli G. Biol Direct. 2024 Oct 16;19(1):93. doi: 10.1186/s13062-024-00523-9. PMID: 39415197.
A sensitive assay for measuring whole-blood responses to type I IFNs. Gervais A, Le Floc'h C, Le Voyer T, ... Zhang SY, ... Bastard P, Casanova JL. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2024 Oct;121(40):e2402983121. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2402983121. Epub 2024 Sep 23. PMID: 39312669.
Diversification of the VH3-53 immunoglobulin gene segment by somatic hypermutation results in neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 virus variants. Bruhn M, Obara M, Salam A, ... Pöhlmann S, ... Kalinke U. Eur J Immunol. 2024 Jul;54(7):e2451056. doi: 10.1002/eji.202451056. Epub 2024 Apr 9. PMID: 38593351.
A Dynamic and Effective Peptide-Based Strategy for Promptly Addressing Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern. Murdocca M, Romeo I, Citro G, ... Novelli G. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2024 Jul 4;17(7):891. doi: 10.3390/ph17070891. PMID: 39065742.
Preclinical development of humanized monoclonal antibodies against CD169 as a broad antiviral therapeutic strategy. Resa-Infante P, Erkizia I, Muñiz-Trabudua X, ... Martinez-Picado J. Biomed Pharmacother. 2024 Jun;175:116726. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116726. PMID: 38754263.
Humoral and cellular immune responses following BNT162b2 XBB.1.5 vaccination. Stankov MV, Hoffmann M, Gutierrez Jauregui R, ... Pöhlmann S, ... Behrens GMN. Lancet Infect Dis. 2024 Jan;24(1):e1-e3. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(23)00690-4. Epub 2023 Nov 20. PMID: 37995739.
Immune responses following BNT162b2 XBB.1.5 vaccination in patients on haemodialysis in Germany. Cossmann A, Hoffmann M, Stankov MV, ... Pöhlmann S, ... Dopfer-Jablonka A. Lancet Infect Dis. 2024 Mar;24(3):e145-e146. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(23)00783-1. Epub 2024 Jan 8. PMID: 38211602.
Memory B cells anticipate SARS-CoV-2 variants through somatic hypermutation. Bruhn M, Obara M, Chiyyeadu A, ... Pöhlmann S, ... Kalinke U. J Infect. 2024 Jan;88(1):57-60. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2023.10.020. Epub 2023 Oct 31. PMID: 37913848.
SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.86 enters lung cells and evades neutralizing antibodies with high efficiency. Zhang L, Kempf A, Nehlmeier I, ... Pöhlmann S. Cell. 2024 Jan 5:S0092-8674(23)01399-5. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.12.025. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 38194966.
Higher COVID-19 pneumonia risk associated with anti-IFN-α than with anti-IFN-ω auto-Abs in children. Bastard P, Gervais A, Taniguchi M,... Meyts I, ... Pujol A, ... Zhang SY, ... Mogensen TH, ... Soler-Palacin P, ... Brodin P, Abel L, ... Kisand K, ... Casanova JL. Exp Med. 2024 Feb 5;221(2):e20231353. doi: 10.1084/jem.20231353. Epub 2024 Jan 4. PMID: 38175961.
Publications
2023
1. Neutralisation sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 lineages EG.5.1 and XBB.2.3. Zhang L, Kempf A, Nehlmeier I, ... Pöhlmann S, Hoffmann M. Lancet Infect Dis. 2023 Oct;23(10):e391-e392. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(23)00547-9. Epub 2023 Sep 13. PMID: 37716358
2. COVID-19 annual update: a narrative review. Biancolella M, Colona VL, Luzzatto L, ... Novelli G, Reichardt JKV. Hum Genomics. 2023 Jul 24;17(1):68. doi: 10.1186/s40246-023-00515-2. PMID: 37488607
3. Dissecting human population variation in single-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2. Aquino Y, Bisiaux A, Li Z, ... Abel L, Casanova JL, V ... Quintana-Murci L. Nature. 2023 Aug 9; doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06422-9. PMID: 37558883
5. Polyvalent Nano-Lectin Potently Neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 by Targeting Glycans on the Viral Spike Protein. Budhadev D, Hooper J, Rocha C, ... Pöhlmann S, Guo Y. JACS Au. 2023 Jun 12;3(6):1755-1766. doi: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00163. PMID: 37388683
6. Immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination in children. Brodin P. Semin Immunol. 2023 June 20; preprint, doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smim.2023.101794
7. Omicron subvariant BA.5 efficiently infects lung cells. Hoffmann M, Wong LR, Arora P, ... Pöhlmann S. Nat Commun. 2023 Jun 13;14(1):3500. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-39147-4. PMID: 37311762
8. Interfering with Interferons: A Critical Mechanism for Critical COVID-19 Pneumonia. Su HC, Jing H, Zhang Y, Casanova JL. Annu Rev Immunol. 2023; 41:561-585. doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-101921-050835
9. Ancient DNA as a tool for medical research. Kerner G, Choin J, Quintana-Murci L. Nat Med. 2023 May; 29(5):1048-1051. doi: 10.1038/s41591-023-02244-4. PMID: 36922577
10. Autoantibodies Neutralizing Type III Interferons Are Uncommon in Patients with Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia. Vanker M, Särekannu K, Fekkar A, ... Zhang SY, Mogensen TH, ... Casanova JL, Kisand K. J Interferon Cytokine Res. 2023 May 29; doi: 10.1089/jir.2023.0003. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37253131. PMID: 37253131
11. Autoantibodies Neutralizing Type I IFNs in the Bronchoalveolar Lavage of at Least 10% of Patients During Life-Threatening COVID-19 Pneumonia. Philippot Q, Fekkar A, Gervais A ... Casanova JL, Puel A. J Clin Immunol. 2023 May; 20:1–11. doi: 10.1007/s10875-023-01512-9. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37209324
12. Human Genomics of COVID-19 Pneumonia: Contributions of Rare and Common Variants. Cobat A, Zhang Q, Covid Human Genetic Effort, Abel L, Casanova JL, Fellay J. [published online ahead of print, 2023 May 17]. Annu Rev Biomed Data Sci.10.1146/annurev-biodatasci-020222-021705. doi:10.1146/annurev-biodatasci-020222-021705
13. Host cell entry and neutralisation sensitivity of the SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.16 lineage. Nehlmeier I, Kempf A, Arora P, Cossmann A, Dopfer-Jablonka A, Stankov MV, Schulz SR, Jäck HM, Behrens GMN, Pöhlmann S, Hoffmann M. Cell Mol Immunol. 2023 May; 8:1-3. doi: 10.1038/s41423-023-01030-z. PMID: 37156807
14. Humans with inherited MyD88 and IRAK-4 deficiencies are predisposed to hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia. Ana Garcia-Carcia A, Perez-DeDiego R, Flores C, ... Meyts I, ... Casanova J-L, ... et al. Exp Med. 2023 May 1; 220(5):e20220170
PMID: 36880831
15. PCSK3 Overexpression in Sjögren's Syndrome Patients May Be Regulated by rs4932178 SNP in Its Promoter Region and Correlates with IFN-γ Gene Expression. Latini A, De Benedittis G, Colafrancesco S, ... Novelli G, ... Borgiani P. Genes (Basel). 2023 Apr 26;14(5):981. doi: 10.3390/genes14050981. PMID: 37239341
16. Profound neutralization evasion and augmented host cell entry are hallmarks of the fast-spreading SARS-CoV-2 lineage XBB.1.5. Hoffmann M, Arora P, Nehlmeier I, Kempf A, Cossmann A, Schulz SR, Ramos Morillas G, Manthey LA, Jäck HM, Behrens GMN, Pöhlmann S (2023). Cell Mol Immunol. 2023 Apr; 20(4):419-422. doi: 10.1038/s41423-023-00988-0. PMID: 36869193
17. Rare predicted loss-of-function variants of type I IFN immunity genes are associated with life-threatening COVID-19. Matuozzo D, Talouarn E, Marchal A ... Casari G ... Martinez-Picado J ... Novelli A ... de Diego RP ... Pujol A ... Soler-Palacin P ... Fellay J ... Mogensen TH ... Meyts I, Zhang SY ... Casanova JL ... Abel L, Cobat A. Genome Med. 2023 Apr 5; 15(1):22. doi: 10.1186/s13073-023-01173-8. PMID: 37020259; PMCID: PMC10074346
18. Inherited and acquired errors of type I interferon immunity govern susceptibility to COVID-19 and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Bucciol G; COVID Human Genetic Effort; Meyts I. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2023 Apr; 151(4):832-840. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.02.003. Epub 2023 Feb 24. PMID: 36841740
19. Human inherited complete STAT2 deficiency underlies inflammatory viral diseases. Bucciol G, Moens L, Ogishi M, ... Casanova J-L, Meyts I. J Clin Invest. 2023 Mar 28:e168321. doi: 10.1172/JCI168321. Online ahead of print. PMID: 36976641
21. Neutralisation sensitivity of the SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1 lineage. Arora P, Cossmann A, Schulz SR, Ramos Morillas G, Stankov MV, Jäck HM, Behrens GMN, Pöhlmann S, Hoffmann M (2023). Lancet Infect Dis. 2023 Feb; 23(2):147-148. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(22)00831-3. PMID: 36620969
22. Inborn errors of OAS-RNase L in SARS-CoV-2-related multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Lee D, Le Pen J, Yatim A ... Meyts I ... Pujol A, Sancho-Shimizu V ... Perez de Diego R ... Abel L ... Quintana-Murci L ... Zhang SY, Casanova JL. Science. 2023 Feb 10; 379(6632):eabo3627. doi: 10.1126/science.abo3627. Epub 2023 Feb 10. PMID: 36538032
24. Omicron sublineage BQ.1.1 resistance to monoclonal antibodies. Arora P, Kempf A, Nehlmeier I, Schulz SR, Jäck HM, Pöhlmann S, Hoffmann M (2023). Lancet Infect Dis. 2023 Jan; 23(1):22-23. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(22)00733-2. PMID: 36410372
25. Human type I IFN deficiency does not impair B cell response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination. Sokal A, Bastard P, Chappert P ... Meyts I ... Abel L ... Casanova JL, Mahévas M. J Exp Med. 2023 Jan 2; 220(1):e20220258. doi: 10.1084/jem.20220258. Epub 2022 Nov 7. PMID: 36342455
Publications
2022
1. Lower disease activity but higher risk of severe COVID-19 and herpes zoster in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with pre-existing autoantibodies neutralising IFN-α. Mathian A, Breillat P, Dorgham K ... Casanova JL et al. Ann Rheum Dis. 2022 Dec;81(12):1695-1703. doi: 10.1136/ard-2022-222549. Epub 2022 Aug 16. PMID: 35973806
2. Lung cell entry, cell-cell fusion capacity, and neutralisation sensitivity of omicron sublineage BA.2.75. Arora P, Nehlmeier I, Kempf A, ... Pöhlmann S, Hoffmann M (2022). Lancet Infect Dis. 2022 Nov;22(11):1537-1538. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(22)00591-6. PMID: 36116462
3. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs in patients with critical influenza pneumonia. Zhang Q, Pizzorno A, Miorin L ... Meyts I ... Andreakos E ... Kisand K ... Abel L ... Casanova JL. J Exp Med. 2022 Nov 7;219(11):e20220514. doi: 10.1084/jem.20220514. Epub 2022 Sep 16. PMID: 36112363
4. The SARS-CoV-2 Delta-Omicron Recombinant Lineage (XD) Exhibits Immune-Escape Properties Similar to the Omicron (BA.1) Variant. Arora P, Zhang L, Rocha C, ... Pöhlmann S, Hoffmann M (2022). Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Nov 14;23(22):14057. doi: 10.3390/ijms232214057. PMID: 36430535
